The modified Arab alphabet as used today for the Uyghur language in the Peoples’ Republic of China is romanized as shown in the following table:

• Use the letter v for the so-called hamza which appears both initially and internally before vowels (vuyghur “Uyghur”, chätväl “foreign country”) on top of what looks like an undotted i in the Uyghur script.
• Apply an apostrophe in order to distinguish the single letter ng from a sequence of n plus g if necessary (n’g).