Orient
Arabic transliteration
In the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, two transliterations were used for Arabic:
From the beginning to the 80s, transliteration according to PI (Prussian Instructions) took place,
then according to RAK (Rules for Alphabetical Cataloguing).
In der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin wurden für das Arabische zwei Umschriften benutzt:
Hebrew transliteration
In the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, three transliterations were used for Hebrew:
From the beginning to the 80s, transliteration according to PI (Prussian Instructions) took place,
until about 2005 according to RAK (Rules for Alphabetical Cataloguing) and
our transliteration rules since approx. 2010 (DIN 31636) can be found here.
Persian transliteration
Here you will find the current transliteration rules for the Persian language.
Syrian transliteration
Syrian books and manuscripts were transliterated according to PI (Prussian Instructions).
At the moment a new transliteration is in progress.